E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia

Summary:
Features include 1) resupinate or often reflexed growth on Populus and sometimes other hardwoods, 2) a gelatinous fruitbody with warts and folds, dark red-brown when fresh with bright yellow to yellow-brown margins, becoming dark brown to black when old or on drying, (sometimes developing a bloom), the margin often reflexed to form narrow shelf-like cap that is yellow to dark brown, short-hairy, and becomes zonate, 3) spores that are elliptic, smooth, and inamyloid, 4) numerous richly branched dendrohyphidia, and 5) a monomitic hyphal system, the hyphae with clamp connections.

Punctularia strigosozonata has been found in BC, AB, MB, NB, NF, NS, ON, PE, PQ, SK, AL, AR, CO, CT, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, ND, NH, NY, OH, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, VT, and WI, (Ginns), as well as Estonia, and widely distributed in warm-temperate and tropical areas all over the world, (Eriksson). Distribution includes Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, Russia, Madagascar, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Australia, Indonesia, and New Zealand, (Cooke).

Fruiting body:
resupinate or often reflexed [bent outwards to form cap], orbicular [circular] and confluent to rather large size; upper side of reflexed area (''cap'') "zonate with black brown concentric furrows of totally conglutinate hyphae, and lighter brown ridges, velutinous by projecting hyphal ends; oldest part often ash-gray"; margin bright yellow brown to reddish brown; spore-bearing surface dark brown - violaceous, "gelatinous in the wet living state, drying hard, in the youngest state smooth, then with elongate, radial ridges or irregular tubercles, when fertile with a whitish pruina of spore deposits", (Eriksson), "resupinate or more commonly reflexed, becoming confluent for large patches", individual fruitbodies remaining noticeable by centers of radiation of warts and ridges on the spore-bearing area, and by the appearance of merged areas; upper side of reflexed areas yellow to golden or dark brown when fresh (when dry or old fawn to gray), short-hairy, becoming zonate; spore-bearing area covered by warts and folds, "dark red-brown when fresh with bright yellow to yellow-brown margins", becoming dark brown to black when old or on drying, (sometimes developing a bloom), (Cooke), 0.5-3cm wide, often laterally fused and up to 15cm long, leathery-waxy, spore-bearing surface smooth at first, soon developing radially elongated, crowded wrinkles and knobs; flesh 0.02-0.05cm thick, "glistening, sometimes gelatinous", reddish brown to purplish black, (Lincoff)

Microscopic:
SPORES 6.5-8.5 x 3.5-4.5 microns, elliptic to ovate, "adaxial side straight or somewhat convex, rarely slightly concave, smooth, thin-walled", inamyloid, acyanophilic, new spores colorless or yellowish, old enclosed spores brown; BASIDIA 4-spored, when immature tube-like, flexuous [wavy], "when mature apically widened and projecting", 40-50(80) x 4-5 microns; DENDROHYPHIDIA "numerous, richly branched", at first colorless then yellowish and in older hymenia gray-brown, "in the furrows between the hymenial ridges the hymenial layer may be formed by dendrohyphidia alone", in such areas sometimes covered with a layer of crystals, visible as white patches; "in hymenia with rich development of dendrohyphidia a catahymenium-like structure is formed"; CYSTIDIA none; HYPHAE monomitic, all hyphae with clamp connections, "those of the upperside and next to the substrate pigmented brown", about 5 microns wide, "often encrusted with lumps of excreted resinous matter", and forming a layer 30-50 microns thick or sometimes more; major part of the trama composed of mainly colorless, more or less horizontal hyphae with thick walls, swelling in KOH and with sparse clamp connections and branches, this layer reaching a thickness of 500-1000 microns; "from this trama layer the subhymenium is formed, thickens with age to about 100 microns, composed of vertical, densely interwoven hyphae with thinner walls producing the basidia"; "in older fruitbodies the hyphae producing the dendrohyphidia may become pigmented brown", other hyphae colorless or slightly yellowish, (Eriksson), SPORES 6.5-7.5(8) x 3-4 microns, ovate, flattened on one side, apiculate, smooth, nearly colorless to pale yellow or pale brown in color when mature, with granular contents; HYMENIUM "formed of a compact palisade" composed of colorless basidia and yellow dendrophyses and gloeocystidia; BASIDIA 4-spored, 15-20 x 3-4 microns, "difficult to demonstrate in most sections"; DENDROPHYSES 20-35 x 1-2 microns, "not dichotomously but irregularly branched, or simple, yellow, ultimate branches thread-like"; GLOEOCYSTIDIA abundant, 20-35 x 3.5-5 microns, "irregular to highly distorted in outline", yellow; CONTEXT in 2 zones: 1) next to the substrate of hyphae 5 microns wide, olive-black, parallel, compactly arranged, with clamp connections, forming a trichoderm on the surface of the pileate parts, 2) hyphae 3-5 microns wide, colorless, fairly compactly arranged, "walls gelatinously thickened, with clamp connections", the hymenium arising directly from this tissue, (Cooke), SPORES 6-8 x 3.5-4 microns, elliptic, smooth, colorless, spore print white, (Lincoff)